Methodology

How FORGE produces a projection

An overview of the pipeline from play-level input to graded projection. Specific model weights and formulas are proprietary and are not published; what follows is the process and what each output means.

  1. 01

    Play-level inputs

    Every play is recorded with its situation — down, distance, field position, time, and score state — so that outcomes are evaluated against what the situation was worth, not raw yardage totals.

  2. 02

    Opponent and context adjustment

    Unit performance is adjusted for the quality of the opponent faced, venue, rest, and playing conditions. A strong result against a strong defense counts for more than the same result against a weak one.

  3. 03

    Team and unit ratings

    Adjusted performance is expressed through the FORGE Rating, alongside offensive, defensive, and quarterback rating outputs. Recent games carry more weight than early-season games.

  4. 04

    Game simulation

    Each matchup is simulated repeatedly from the two teams' rating profiles. The simulations produce a projected score, an expected margin, a margin distribution, and a win probability.

  5. 05

    Calibration

    Raw probabilities are calibrated against historical outcomes so that a stated 70% corresponds to a roughly 70% observed win rate. Calibration is re-checked every week.

  6. 06

    Grading

    Once a game is final, the projection is scored on winner accuracy and margin error and added to the public performance record. Nothing is removed retroactively.

Reading the outputs

FORGE Rating
Overall team-strength output adjusted for opponent quality.
Expected margin
The average simulated point difference, expressed toward one team.
Win probability
The calibrated share of simulations each team wins.
Confidence
How strongly the model separates the two teams in the current run.

Principles

Outputs, not opinions

FORGE publishes what the model produces. Pages do not add narrative predictions on top of the numbers.

Uncertainty stays visible

Probabilities, distributions, and confidence levels are shown alongside point projections, never in place of them.

Accountable by default

Every projection is graded and the record is public, including the weeks the model gets wrong.

Independent

FORGE is not affiliated with any league or club and uses no league or club marks. Teams are identified by city, name, and standard abbreviation.